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Phorcus atratus : ウィキペディア英語版 | Phorcus atratus
''Phorcus atratus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.〔Gofas, S. (2012). ''Phorcus atratus'' (Wood, 1828). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=689175 on 2012-11-23〕〔Donald K.M., Preston J., Williams S.T., Reid D.R., Winter D., Alvarez R., Buge B., Hawkins S.J., Templado J. & Spencer H.G. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships elucidate colonization patterns in the intertidal grazers Osilinus Philippi, 1847 and Phorcus Risso, 1826 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62(1): 35–45〕 ==Description== The height of the shell varies between 17 mm and 24 mm, its diameter between 16 mm and 19 mm. The solid, imperforate shell has a conical shape. The spireis conical. The apical whorls are eroded, the following dull cinereous or purplish-black, marked with several spiral rows of white spots, or with longitudinal zigzag white stripes. The base of the shell is generally tessellated or striped with white. The shell contains 5 tp 6 whorls. The upper ones are marked with spiral impressed lines in young specimens, and two carinae, the latter giving the body whorl a squarish form. The aperture is oblique. The lip is not much thickened within. The short columella is obsoletely subdentate at its base. Above at the insertion it shows a heavy white callous spread upon the base, invading the umbilicus, and wholly closing it, or leaving only a narrow pit. This species is quite variable in coloration, the white appearing either in oblique zigzags or in spots. The young are perforate. 〔 (Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia ) (described as ''Monodonta tamsi'')〕
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